Requirements for boiler rooms in a private house

To install heating equipment, a separate room is often required, which is called a furnace, a boiler room, but more often a boiler room. Since any fuel is potentially dangerous, rather stringent requirements are imposed on the rooms in which boilers are installed, designed to ensure the maximum degree of safety. Coca should be a boiler room in a private house, requirements for premises and norms - everything is in the article.

A boiler room in a private house must meet a host of requirements

Regulations

You should immediately decide on the regulatory framework. Until the middle of 2003, the norms of SNiP No. 2.04.08-87 were in force. SNiP 42-01-2002 entered into force on July 1, 2003. All requirements and standards for the installation of boiler rooms in a private house must be taken from this document.

It is advisable to know the standards, although the project of a boiler room in a private house should be drawn up by a specialized organization. So you will be able to decide on the possibility and impossibility of installing one or another heating equipment, as well as what kind of work you have to do to adjust the existing or under construction premises to the standards. For every difficulty or controversial issue, it is worth going to the design department of the gas supply organization and talking with them. There are many nuances associated with the characteristics of each house, which can be solved only by being tied to the plan of the house or its project.

Rules and regulations for installing a gas boiler in a private house

The choice of a place for installing a gas boiler depends on its power:

• with a power of up to 60 kW, installation is possible in the kitchen (subject to certain requirements);
• from 60 kW to 150 kW - in a separate room, regardless of the floor (subject to the use of natural gas, they can be installed in the basement and basement as well);
• from 150 kW to 350 kW - in a separate room on the first or basement floor, in an annex and in a detached building.

This does not mean that a 20 kW boiler cannot be installed in a separate boiler room. You can, if you want to collect all life support systems in one place. But there are requirements for the volume of premises. The minimum size of a boiler room in a private house must be:

• for boilers up to 30 kW, the minimum volume of the room (not area, but volume) should be 7.5 m³;
• from 30 to 60 kW - 13.5 m³;
• from 60 to 200 kW - 15 m³.

Only if a gas boiler is installed in the kitchen, other standards apply - the minimum volume is 15 cubic meters, and the ceiling height is at least 2.5 m.

Installation option for a wall-mounted gas boiler - up to the wall at least 10 cm

Certain requirements are imposed on each option of premises for a gas boiler room. Some of them are common:

• Any boiler room in a private house must have natural light. Moreover, the area of ​​the windows is normalized - by 1 m³ volume must account for at least 0.03 m² glazing. Please note - these are the dimensions of the glass. In addition, the window should be hinged, open outward.
• There should be a window or transom in the window - for emergency ventilation in the event of a gas leak.
• Ventilation and removal of combustion products through the chimney is mandatory. The exhaust of a low-power boiler (up to 30 kW) can be discharged through the wall.
• A boiler room of any type must be supplied with water (feed the system if necessary) and sewerage (coolant drain).

Another general requirement that appeared in the latest version of SNiP.When installing gas equipment for hot water supply and heating with a capacity of over 60 kW, a gas control system is required, which, in the event of a trigger, will automatically stop the gas supply.

In the presence of a boiler and a heating boiler, when determining the size of the boiler room, their power is summed up

Further, the requirements differ depending on the type of boiler room.

Boiler room in a private house in a separate room (built-in or attached)

Separate boiler rooms for the installation of gas boilers with a capacity of up to 200 kW must be separated from the rest of the rooms by a non-combustible wall with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours. Brick, cinder block, concrete (light and heavy). The requirements for a separate combustion chamber in a built-in or annexed room are as follows:

• The minimum volume is 15 cubic meters.
• Ceiling height :
  • with a power of 30 kW - 2.5 m;
  • up to 30 kW - from 2.2 m.
• There must be a window with a transom or a window, the glass area is not less than 0.03 square meters for each cubic meter of volume.
• Ventilation should provide at least three air exchange per hour.

If the boiler room is organized in the basement or basement floor, the minimum size of the boiler room will be larger: 0.2 m is added to the mandatory 15 cubes² for every kilowatt of power used for heating. The requirement for walls and ceilings adjacent to other rooms is also added: they must be vapor-gas-tight. And one more feature: the furnace in the basement or basement floor, when installing equipment with a capacity of 150 kW to 350 kW, should have a separate exit to the street. Access to the corridor leading to the street is allowed.

It is not the area of ​​the boiler room that is normalized, but its volume; the minimum ceiling height is also set

In general, it is advisable to choose the size of a boiler room in a private house based on the convenience of maintenance, which, usually, far exceeds the standards.

Special requirements for attached boiler rooms

There are not very many of them. Three new requirements are added to the paragraphs above:

1. The extension should be located on a solid section of the wall; the distance to the nearest windows or doors should be at least 1 meter.
2. It must be made of non-combustible material with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours (concrete, brick, cinder block).
3. The walls of the extension must not be connected to the walls of the main building. This means that the foundation must be made separate, disconnected and not three walls must be built, but all four.
   

   The extension is made of non-combustible building material

What to keep in mind. If you are going to arrange a boiler room in a private house, and there is no room of suitable volume or the height of the ceilings is slightly lower than the requirements, they may go to a meeting and demand in return to mutilate the glazing area. If you are planning to build a house, then all the requirements must be met, otherwise the project will never be approved for you. They are also tough in the construction of attached boiler houses: everything must comply with the standards and nothing else.

Installing a gas boiler boiler in a kitchen: room requirements

As already mentioned, gas boilers with a capacity of up to 30 kW can be installed in the kitchen. Combustion chamber type - any (open, closed), exhaust of combustion products is possible into ventilation ducts (in apartments), chimney, through the wall to the street. You can install a wall-mounted or floor-standing boiler.

Other requirements for kitchens for installing a gas boiler:

• ceiling height not less than 2.5 m;
• the volume of the room is not less than 15 cubic meters;
• the ventilation system must provide a three-time air change per hour;
• an inflow of fresh air in a volume sufficient for gas combustion must be provided;

Wall-mounted boilers must be hung on non-combustible walls. In this case, the boiler must be positioned so that the distance to the side walls is at least 10 cm. If there are no non-combustible walls, installation on hard-to-combustible or combustible materials is allowed, but on one condition: they must be covered with plaster or a fire-resistant screen. The minimum thickness of the plaster layer is 5 cm.

The requirements for installing a gas boiler in the kitchen relate mostly to volume and ventilation.

The screen for a gas boiler is made of sheet steel.The metal is fixed on top of sheet heat-insulating material with a thickness of at least 3 mm (asbestos or mineral wool cardboard). The dimensions of the screen must be larger than the dimensions of the boiler in the casing by 70 cm on top and 10 cm on the other sides.

Requirements for freestanding furnaces

Such boiler rooms are made with high boiler power - above 200 kW. In addition to those already voiced earlier, there are several specific requirements. Here they are all:

• The material of walls, decoration and roofing must be non-combustible.
• The volume of a separate boiler room is at least 15 cubic meters, plus 0.2 square meters for each kW of power used for heating.
• Ceiling height not less than 2.5 m.
• The glazing area is calculated on the basis of 0.03 square meters for each cube of volume.
• The window must have a window or transom.
• A separate foundation is required for the boiler, its height should not be higher than 15 cm above the floor level.
• With a relatively small weight (up to 200 kg), installation on a concrete floor is allowed.
• There must be an emergency gas shutdown system (mounted on the pipe).
• Doors are unreinforced, weakly secured.
• Ventilation in the room should provide three times air exchange in 1 hour.

When accepting and installing gas equipment in a separate boiler room, acceptance will be strict: all standards must be observed. Only in this case you will be given permission.

A stand-alone boiler room can be like this

What should be the doors in the boiler room

If this is a separate room in a residential building, then the doors leading from the furnace must be fireproof. This means that they must hold back the fire for 15 minutes. Only those made of metal are suitable for these requirements. Factory-made or home-made - not so important, as long as the parameters fit.

If an exit to the street is made in the furnace, there should be unreinforced doors. Moreover, SNiP says "weakly fortified". This is necessary so that during the explosion, the box is simply squeezed out by the blast wave. Then the energy of the explosion will be directed to the street, and not to the walls of the house. The second plus of easily "removable" doors - gas will be able to escape freely.

Doors to the boiler room are sold immediately with a grate at the bottom

Often an additional requirement is put in the project - the presence of a hole in the lower part of the door taken away by the grill. It is necessary to ensure the flow of air into the room.

Ventilation for a boiler room in a private house

As already mentioned, the calculation of ventilation performance is calculated from the volume of the room. It must be multiplied by 3, add about 30% to the stock. Let's get the volume that needs to be "pumped" in an hour.

For example, a room of 3 * 3 m with a ceiling height of 2.5 m. Volume 3 * 3 * 2.5 = 22.5 m³... Three times exchange required: 22.5 m³ * 3 = 67.5 m³... Add a stock of 30%, we get 87.75 m³.

To ensure natural ventilation, there must be an air inlet at the bottom of the wall, covered with a grill. The exhaust pipes must exit through the roof, it is possible to exit through the wall in its upper part. It is necessary to remove the ventilation pipe at the same height as the chimney.

Requirements for boiler rooms for the installation of boilers for solid and liquid fuels

Requirements for the volume, dimensions and materials for the boiler room are the same. However, there are several specific ones related to the need to organize a chimney and a place for storing fuel. Here are the basic requirements (mostly they are spelled out in the boiler passport):

• The chimney cross-section must not be less than the diameter of the boiler outlet. Reducing the diameter along the entire length of the chimney is not allowed.
• It is necessary to design a chimney with the smallest number of elbows. Ideally, it should be straight.
• There should be an inlet (window) at the bottom of the wall for air intake. Its area is calculated from the power of the boiler: 8 sq. see for every kilowatt.
• Chimney outlet is possible through the roof or into the wall.
• There should be a cleaning hole below the chimney inlet - for inspection and maintenance.
• The flue material and its connections must be gastight.
• The boiler is installed on a non-combustible base. If the floors in the boiler room are wooden, a sheet of asbestos or mineral wool cardboard is laid, on top - a sheet of metal. The second option is a podium made of bricks, plastered or tiled.
• When using a coal-fired boiler, the wiring is only hidden, laying in metal pipes is possible. The sockets must be powered from an undervoltage of 42 V and the switches must be sealed. All these requirements are a consequence of the explosion hazard of coal dust.

Please note that the passage of the chimney through the roof or wall must be made through a special pass-through non-combustible unit.

Oil fired boilers are usually noisy

It is worth saying a few words about liquid fuel boilers. Their work is usually accompanied by a fairly high level of noise, as well as a characteristic odor. So the idea of ​​putting a similar unit in the kitchen is not the best idea. When allocating a separate room, it is worth making sure that the walls give good sound insulation, and the smell does not penetrate through the doors. Since the internal doors will still be metal, take care of the presence of a high-quality seal around the perimeter. Noise and odors may not interfere. The same recommendations are for attached boiler rooms, although they are less critical.